Minnesota Farm Guide: Leading Farm Newspaper

ST. PAUL, Minn. - Following the second largest anthrax outbreak in the state's history in 2006, State Veterinarian Bill Hartmann is advising cattle producers to consider anthrax vaccinations for livestock that will be grazing this summer in areas where the disease has been present.

Anthrax is a naturally occurring disease caused by the bacteria Bacillus anthracis. All warm-blooded animals are susceptible to the disease, but cattle, horses, sheep, and goats are most commonly affected.

The bacteria can lie dormant for years in the soil. In some cases, heavy rains and flooding bring the spores to the surface where they may be ingested by grazing animals. However, many of the cases last year occurred on land that did not flood in the spring.

Livestock infected with anthrax can die quickly, often exhibiting no symptoms until just before death.

Fortunately, the risk of humans developing anthrax from naturally occurring bacteria is extremely low. Minnesota has recorded no human cases of anthrax since 1953.

Last summer 91 animals on more than 28 farms in northwest Minnesota died as a result of anthrax including cattle, bison, and horses. Given this history of anthrax in Minnesota, especially in the northwestern part of the state, Hartmann believes it is prudent for livestock producers to vaccinate grazing animals.

“As producers turn their animals out to pasture, they should keep in mind the risk of anthrax,” Hartmann said. “If they're going to graze in areas where anthrax has been a problem in the past, they should seriously consider vaccinating their animals.” As an added precaution, Hartmann recommends that farmers in northwestern Minnesota assume that any unexpected deaths among their livestock are due to anthrax until the disease can be ruled out. If carcasses are found, a veterinarian should be contacted immediately. Suspect carcasses should not be cut open, as that can allow anthrax to spread.

If anthrax is confirmed, the carcass should be burned, and the ashes buried on site.

Farmers can vaccinate their own livestock for anthrax after receiving a prescription from a veterinarian. Vaccinations generally cost less than $2 per animal.

“By spending a couple of dollars per animal on the vaccine each year, producers can ensure the survival of their livelihood,” Hartmann said.

For more information on anthrax, preventative measures, and the agency, visit the Board's website at http://www.bah.state.mn.us

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